Targeted Universal TB Testing With Simultaneous TPT Prescribing Among People Living With HIV in South Africa

All TUTT-PT arm participants who provide written informed consent will have sputum collected for TB testing (if sputum was not already collected by the clinic staff) and will receive a clinical evaluation for the presence of TB symptoms (cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats) and serious contraindications for TPT initiation (known liver disease, high alcohol intake (men: \>5 drinks/day or \>15 drinks/week; women: \>4 drinks/day or \>8 drinks/week), or strong clinical suspicion of TB disease as evidenced by severity of symptoms, including haemoptysis, or Karnofsky score ≤50. PLHIV for whom the study nurse does not have a strong clinical suspicion of TB nor evidence of serious TPT contraindications will be referred to clinic staff for TPT initiation, irrespective of the presence or absence of TB symptoms.