The Effect of Healthy Nutrition and Functional Foods Education Based on the Health Promotion Model for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes on Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Self-Efficacy in Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Study

"The data collection process took place between March and June 2024. The implementation process took place between July 9 and October 24, 2024. In this process, education, reminder messages and telephone counseling for individuals with type 2 diabetes continued for 12 weeks.~Introduction and Preliminary Preparation: Before randomization, both oral and written informed consent form and pretest forms (Personal Information Form, Nutrition Habits, Functional Foods Information Form, Functional Foods Consumption Form, Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale, Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors II Scale Application) were administered by the researcher to individuals with type 2 diabetes who agreed to participate in the study between March and June 2024. After reaching the sample size (n=86), randomization was performed. Appointments were made for the intervention group for training at KEAH via telephone on Tuesday-Thursday of the week in groups."

Reminder messages: Address and telephone numbers of individuals with Type 2 diabetes in the intervention group were obtained after obtaining their informed consent at the first meeting. After the group training, the messages were sent to the groups (groups A, B, C and D) on Tuesdays and Thursdays during daylight hours every week on the 2nd (July 23-August 15) and 6th (August 20-September 12) weeks. The message was a reminder to the participants about healthy nutrition and consumption of functional foods.

Telephone counseling: After the group trainings applied to the intervention group, in the 4th (August 6-August 29) and 8th (September 3-September 26) weeks of each week on Tuesdays and Thursdays during daylight hours, individuals with diabetes mellitus were questioned about 'the obstacles they encounter during healthy eating and functional food consumption and whether they have the belief that they can overcome these obstacles and whether there is a change in their healthy eating and functional food consumption behaviors'. Reinforcement was made with reminder questions. In this process, the importance of functional food consumption was emphasized. The first telephone interview with 43 individuals with type 2 diabetes lasted 575 minutes in total and the second telephone interview lasted 495 minutes in total.