Jockey Club Precision Prevention Programme on Young Onset Diabetes

All participants will undergo genetic test and clinical measurement including body weight, body height, blood pressure, waist circumference and capillary blood glucose to predict diabetes risk with report explanation by doctors (for high risk, IGT and DM) and nurses (low risk). Genetic report will be updated annually for high risk and IGT group using updated clinical factors (e.g. age, BMI, BP).

High risk progressors will undergo OGTT and measurement of CKM factors at baseline. In those without IGT or diabetes, they will undergo OGTT and CKM risk factor assessment annually for 2 years. The IGT group will additionally have measurement of beta-cell function (HOMA indexes) and the DM group will additionally have autoimmune marker measurement.

Nurse and medical consultations and subsidized medications (metformin, statin, ARB) will be provided to the high risk progressor, IGT and diabetes groups as appropriate for control of glucose and CKM risk factors.

All high risk progressors will be given subsidized weighing scale and low-intensity laboratory assessments, nurse and doctor consultation, regular WhatsApp messages and webinars for 2 years. The IGT and DM group will receive additional subsidized CGM devices for empowerment.

All participants in high risk, IGT and diabetes groups will have regular follow-up by family doctors and nurses.

Participants found to have diabetes on OGTT will undergo annual JADE assessment which include eye/foot/urine/blood tests with issue of a personalized JADE report. The JADE Program is a quality improvement program to improve self management and inform shared decision making between doctor and patient.

All participants would join the webinars. High risk progressors, IGT and DM group will receive regular WhatsApp messages, webinars and workshops.