150
Participants
Start Date
September 16, 2024
Primary Completion Date
September 1, 2028
Study Completion Date
September 1, 2029
Active TENS Device
"Description: The active TENS device, specifically the Dental Pain Eraser (DPE), is applied to the gums for about 2.5 minutes. This intervention is designed to modulate nerve activity to reduce pain during orthodontic alignment and leveling.~Arms Associated:~Arm 1: Upper Right Side - Active TENS Device Arm 3: Lower Right Side - Active TENS Device"
Intervention 2: Placebo/Sham Device
"The placebo/sham device is identical in appearance to the TENS device but does not deliver electrical stimulation. It is applied to the gums for 2.5 minutes to serve as a control.~Arms Associated:~Arm 2: Upper Left Side - Placebo/Sham Device Arm 4: Lower Left Side - Placebo/Sham Device"
University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco
University of the Pacific
OTHER