The Acupuncture for Pain, Opioid Use Disorder and Mood

The delivery of modified BFA + NADA will be administered in a setting designed to ensure that patients are comfortable, with their backs well-supported. With regards to needling technique, participants' ears will be cleaned, and sterile acupuncture needles will be placed on the BFA or NADA points, using proper technique. Auricular acupuncture needles are thin, between 0.12 - 0.18mm, and are less than 1 inch long. The needles will remain in the ear until the session is complete. On the alternative ear, seeds are another modality of auricular acupuncture treatment that will be used. Seeds are comprised of small circular balls comprised of a natural plant, no more than 1.5 mm diameter size. The seeds are attached to a small piece of adhesive tape and are placed on one's ear. The seeds remain on the ear and the given point can be massaged and stimulated as indicated.