Muscle and Bone in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Neuropathy

Fasting blood samples will be obtained.

Nerve conduction of sensory and motor nerves of the upper and lower limb will be performed, including F- and H-waves. Needle EMNG of the m. tibialis anterior, m. gastrocnemius (medial head), m. tensor fascia lata and m. gluteus maximus) will be performed.

Muscle biopsy of the m. gastrocnemius will be performed under local anesthesia using the modified Bergström technique.

A qPCT scan of the calf will be performed.

Single two leg jump, multiple one leg hopping, chair rise and sit to stand tests will be performed.

A 15-minute resting ECG will be performed.

Questionnaires will be performed to collect information on medical background (drug use, comorbidities, symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, ...) and lifestyle factors (ethyl consumption, food intake, physical activity, smoking).

Length and hip:waist ratio will be measured. Furthermore, body weight and composition will be determined by bio-impedance measurement. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mean of 3 times) will be evaluated.