Electromyostimulation (EMS) of Astronauts in Spaceflight (Easymotion-2)

EasymotionSkin body suit for digitally controlled electric impulses via Easymotion-2 software on crew iPad (frequency, impulse rate, duration) are transferred from integrated dry electrodes of the EMS- stimulation suit to activate surface muscle groups of the body (trunk), arms and legs

The non-invasive Myoton technology collects data from passive muscle properties (tone and stiffness) obtained from selected anatomical surface muscle groups

As a standard method, surface EMG collects data from nerve impulse-triggered active muscle contractions, pre/postflight only

MRI is a clinically standard (non-radiation) imaging method to study structural changes of the human body (organs, muscle, bones, tendons) at the macroscopic level, pre/postflight only

Dynamometry is a standard functional and diagnostic method to test muscle strength in sports and rehabilitation. pre/postflight only