Effect of Empowerment Program on Children's Knowledge, Attitude, Self-Efficacy, and Practice of Nail Biting.

Initially, the researcher established rapport with children of both groups and their gradians, screened them for the eligibility criteria, explained the aim of the study, the duration and nature of the training sessions, and obtained informed assent. The researcher established the session objectives and learning activities and prepared the learning materials. The researchers also prepared the learning environment. The Empowerment program is implemented in accordance with the BANCEF model for behavior transformation into four educational sessions. After the intervention, children's nail-biting knowledge, practice, attitude, and self-efficacy were reassessed.

Children in the control group received routine health education about the problems of nail-biting and routine advice to quit nail-biting.