The Effect of Non-pharmacological Methods on Pain

Before data collection, the researcher will inform families of newborns meeting the sample criteria about the study and obtain written consent from participating parents. Newborn and parent information will be recorded. Procedures will occur between 08:00 and 16:00, with one researcher, two nurses, and a preterm newborn present during tape removal. Tape removal will be done by the same nurse. Physiological and behavioral responses will be recorded before, during, and after tape removal. Breast milk will be orally administered during tape removal, with the amount adjusted based on gestational age. Measurements will be taken at specified time points, including heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and PIPP-R score. These procedures will also apply to the control group. PIPP-R scores will be recorded by two evaluators based on video recordings.