Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Resectable HCC Screened by a Multimodal Deep Learning Model

Patients in the neoadjuvant group received two cycles of neoadjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC, adoption of the FOFOLX6 program, Folinic acid+5-fluorouracil+Oxaliplatin, 21 days between second HAIC treatments with a window of ±3 days)

Patients in the neoadjuvant therapy group received Lenvatinib before surgery(Len was started before HAIC treatment, discontinued during HAIC treatment, and discontinued approximately two weeks before surgery, Oral 8 mg or 12mg once a day depending body weight).

Patients in the neoadjuvant therapy group received two cycles of Tislelizumab therapy before surgery (First treatment with Tislelizumab was started 0-1 days after HAIC, 200 mg IV, followed by a second treatment 21 days later)

Patients in the neoadjuvant therapy group were evaluated for tumor status and surgical safety after neoadjuvant therapy, and eligible patients subsequently underwent surgical resection. Patients in the direct surgery group underwent liver resection.

Given the high risk of postoperative recurrence, patients in both groups received adjuvant Tis therapy (every 21 days for 8 cycles) starting about one month after surgery.