Flossing Band Integration in Conventional Physiotherapy for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

The application of flossing to the knee commences with a preliminary evaluation of the joint range of motion and pain perception. The band is wrapped around the knee, starting with an approximate tension of 50% for the first wrap and escalating to a tension of 60-80% in subsequent wraps. It\'s essential to overlap the band with each wrap, moving from a distal to the proximal direction (bottom to top), which aids in enhancing drainage. Continuous monitoring of the patient is critical to ensure that excessive pressure is not being applied. This can be achieved by palpating the pulse on the dorsum of the foot or inner ankle, and observing if the skin regains its normal color after pressing the area with fingers. Should the patient experience strong tingling or pain, the bandage must be immediately removed. The duration of the band's application varies between 2 to 5 minutes, depending on patient tolerance, a methodology informed by existing research.

"The intervention protocol is centered on neuromuscular training, targeting the strengthening of key muscle groups including the quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip abductors, which are vital for knee stabilization. This approach is supported by previous research, emphasizing the importance of these muscle groups in knee joint health. Complementing this, proprioceptive exercises, such as single-leg balances and controlled knee bends, were incorporated to enhance joint position sense, aligning with the guidelines set forth by Powers et al., 2010.~The intensity of these exercises is progressively increased, tailored to each patient's tolerance and improvement. The protocol stipulates two sessions per week over eight weeks."