Prospective Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Combined With Pathogen Metagenomic Sequencing Technology in the Diagnosis of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Pneumonia

After the patient is enrolled, traditional pathogen testing will be improved, and the clinical physician will make a preliminary diagnosis based on routine pathogen testing, clinical manifestations, infection indicators, and imaging. Within 24 hours of initial diagnosis, bronchoalveolar lavage and pathogen metagenomic sequencing were performed, and BALF mNGS results were fed back to clinical physicians (without interfering with clinical decision-making). Clinical treatment data of patients were collected at 72 hours, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days after the start of treatment, and follow-up and efficacy evaluation were conducted. Finally, a review committee consisting of two senior respiratory physicians and one imaging physician conducted a systematic review of cases to make the final diagnosis of enrolled patients (as the gold standard), analyzing the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of BALF mNGS in diagnosing CIP.