Effect of Partial Dietary Replacement from Animal to Plant-Based Protein for Type 2 Diabetes Management

Hypocaloric diet to achieve a 5% weight loss with macronutrient distribution according to current guidelines for T2D: 45 to 55% of energy from carbohydrates, prioritizing those with low glycemic index; 25 to 30% from total fats and a maximum of 10% from saturated fats; 20% of energy from proteins, 15% from animal sources and 5% from plant sources. Participants will also receive printed and validated educational material, with recommendations for healthy eating, and will be instructed to maintain their habitual physical activity level.

Hypocaloric diet to achieve a 5% weight loss. The dietary prescription was adapted from the Eat-Lancet Commission report to Brazilian population culture, with 45 to 55% of energy from carbohydrates, prioritizing those with a low glycemic index; 25 to 30% from total fats and a maximum of 5% from saturated fats; 20% from proteins, 5% from animal sources and 15% from plant sources. Participants in this group will receive printed and validated support material with recommendations for a healthy and plant-based eating, and will be instructed to maintain their habitual physical activity level.