38
Participants
Start Date
January 13, 2013
Primary Completion Date
May 3, 2014
Study Completion Date
January 24, 2015
Mini-implants
En masse retraction of upper anterior teeth will be applied where mini-implants will be used as an anchor unit. Anterior teeth retraction will be initiated after completion of the leveling and alignment phase via closed nickel-titanium coil springs applying 150 g of force per side.
Transpalatal arche (TPA)
Two-step retraction of upper anterior teeth will be applied where transpalatal arches (TPAs) will be used as an anchor unit. Teeth retraction will be initiated after completion of the leveling and alignment phase via closed nickel-titanium coil springs applying 150 g of force per side.
University of Damascus, Damascus
Damascus University
OTHER