Effects of PNF and Static Stretching on Architecture and Viscoelastic Properties of Hemiplegic Elbow

All participants will join an exercise program that will last 20-30 minutes, 5 days a week for 4 weeks, especially targeting proximal stabilization. The exercise program is expected to take 20-30 minutes. Each exercise will be done in 3 sets. Each set will include 10 repetitions. In weight-bearing exercises, the participant will be asked to hold the position for 10 seconds.

"In addition to the exercises, three different PNF stretching will be applied to the participants in the PNF stretching group for 4 weeks, 5 days a week.~1. Biceps: Flex-Add-ER repositioned half pattern~2. Brachioradialis: Flex-Abd-ER repositioned half pattern~3. Brachialis: Ext-Add-IR half pattern In the supine position, the physiotherapist will move the forearm to the end of the passive range of motion according to the direction of limitation. Secondly, participants will be asked to perform a submaximal isometric contraction of the target muscle with an emphasis on rotation for 10 seconds. After this contraction, participants will be asked to relax for 5 seconds. In the third phase, the elbow joint will be actively repositioned to the new range of motion, and the physical therapist will help to the patient to keep this position for an additional 10 seconds. This procedure will be repeated 10 times with a 10 secs resting period between two consecutive stretches."

"In addition to the exercises given to both of the groups, static stretching will be applied to the elbow flexors in 2 different positions for 4 weeks, 5 days a week. Participants will need to complete 5 sets of 1.5-minute stretching and 30-second rest periods for both of the two stretching positions listed below. The total duration of the stretches to be performed together with the rest periods will be 20 minutes.~1. In supine position, the shoulder will be positioned in 90° abduction and internal rotation, the forearm will be positioned in pronation, then the shoulder will be slowly extended. In this way, especially the Biceps Brachii and Brachioradialis muscles are expected to be stretched.~2. In supine position, the shoulder will be positioned in 90° abduction and maximum external rotation, and the forearm will be positioned in full supination. In this way, especially the brachialis muscle is expected to be stretched."