Dental Biofilm Control During Orthodontic Treatment

fixed metal orthodontic appliance (stainless steel brackets (Mini Master MBT 0.022'', American Orthodontics), nickel-titanium archwire (NiTi, American Orthodontics), elastomeric ligatures (Elastomerics, American Orthodontics))

fixed non-metal orthodontic appliance (ceramic brackets (Radiance MBT 0.022'', American Orthodontics), polyamide thread, elastomeric ligatures (Elastomerics, American Orthodontics))

conducting regular oral hygiene, commonly recommended for orthodontic patients (toothbrush + toothpaste with a low fluoride concentration of 1450 ppm (Parodontax, GSK)

conducting regular oral hygiene (Parodontay, GSK) + 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash (Curasept ADS 212, Curaden) daily during one month