Impact of Intravenous Caffeine on Atrial Electrical Properties and Potential Arrythmia Induction

"Group assigned to receive caffeine will receive intravenous(IV) caffeine and sodium benzoate infusion starting at 250-500 mg.~This method will use an automated algorithm that adjusts the flow of the infusion depending on the individual's sex and weight and then in a serial fashion in response to blood caffeine measurements. Serial blood caffeine measurements at pre-determined intervals according to the algorithm will be until a steady state is obtained."

"The patients assigned to the masked placebo will receive 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline using the same infusion protocol for a random length of time that was within 1 standard deviation(SD) of the mean time to achieve a steady state using the caffeine protocol (17+4 min).~To maintain blinding, caffeine blood concentration measurements that will be randomly generated within 2 SDs of the predicted values calculated by the algorithm will be used and verbally communicated for placebo infusions."