Safety and Efficacy of Canagliflozin in Advanced CKD

"Substudy 1 Patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria and consent to participate will receive canagliflozin 100 mg po daily for 12+2 weeks (phase 1). For participants who have tolerated the drug, canagliflozin will be increased to 300 mg po daily for an additional 12+2 weeks (phase 2) and then stopped. If not tolerated, the dose will be reduced to 100 mg until the end of follow-up.~Each phase of 12 weeks is followed by a 2-week window to ascertain surrogate efficacy outcomes.~Substudy 2 Patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria and consent to participate will receive canagliflozin 100 mg po daily for 9 days."