The Effect of Perioperative Lidocaine Infusion on Neutrophil Extracellular Trapping

lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg bolus (infused over 10 min) followed by 2.0 mg/kg/h during operation and 1.0 mg/kg/h during postoperative 24 hours (no more than 120 mg/h)

normal saline 0.15 ml bolus followed by 0.2 ml/kg/hr during operation and 0.1 ml/kg/hr during postoperative 24 hours