Balance Assessment Scale and Strength Measurement Protocol to Measure Functionality in Adults With Spinal Deformity

The newly developed balance, based on the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS), will be administered by two raters (normative and clinical database + interrater reliability)

A trunk strength protocol in sitting position, using a hand-held dynamometer is developed. During the trunk strength measurements muscle activity of certain muscles of the trunk will be measured using surface electromyography (EMG)

We will be capturing 3D Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the subject lying supine with extended knees, using a T1 weighted spine-echo (SE) sequence with interslice distance 3 mm in the area of the hip) extended with full spine MRI images (sagittal full spine T1- and T2- weighted images as part of the standard sagittal view of full spine to check for significant stenosis or spinal cord pathology) and additional T1-weighted axial slices at level L4, T12 and T8 with interslice distance 4 mm.The field of view covers the full spine, pelvis and hip smaller trochanter.

Every subject included in the study will undergo a stereoradiographic full body EOS exam completed with Gravity Line (GL) location, recorded by a force plate on the floor

Repeating the newly developed balance test (test-retest reliability) within 2 weeks after first measurement

Repeating the trunk strength protocol with EMG within 2 weeks after the first measurement (test-retest reliability)