Individualized Closed Loop TMS for Working Memory Enhancement

Participants undergo resting-state and task-based fMRI to identify individualized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targets and determine optimal and sub-optimal stimulation frequencies. Additional fMRI scans are performed after each neuromodulation phase to assess changes following three days of stimulation at the optimal and sub-optimal frequencies.

Participants first receive multiple rTMS frequencies during an fMRI scan to assess brain responses and determine individualized optimal and sub-optimal stimulation frequencies. They then complete two neuromodulation intervention periods, receiving rTMS at the identified optimal and sub-optimal frequencies. Each frequency is administered over three consecutive days, with the order of conditions randomized and counterbalanced.