Comparing Two Types of Endometrial Activation Prior to Embryo Transfer

For patients in the Pipelle curette group, physicians inserted the Pipelle curette into the uterus and removed an adequate endometrial sample using vigorous motion.

For patients in the Shepard catheter group, physicians performed a four-quadrant scratch technique by inserting the Shepard insemination catheter into the uterus at 12:00. The catheter was then turned one-quarter turn and withdrawn. This was repeated two more times so that four endometrial quadrants were touched by the catheter at 12:00, 3:00, 6:00, and 9:00.