Assessment of Graft Perfusion and Oxygenation for Improved Outcome in Esophageal Cancer Surgery

ICGA will be performed twice during standard esophagectomy: 30 minutes after the stomach graft creation and immediately before the esophagogastric anastomosis. stock dose of 25 mg ICG (Pulsion Medical Systems, Germany) will be diluted to 5 mg/mL with sterile water. An IV bolus of 0.5 mg/kg of ICG will be injected via a central venous catheter. Video data will be obtained with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera fitted with a light-emitting diode emitting at a wavelength of 760mm (Visera® elite II, Olympus medical system corp, Tokyo, Japan). Images will be recorded starting immediately prior to injection until 3 minutes afterwards.

Advanced continuous hemodynamic monitoring during surgery will be performed using a PiCCO® (Pulse index Continuous Cardiac Output, Pulsion Medical Systems, Germany) catheter.

"* Systemic and local capillary lactate on blood samples~* Mitochondrial Respiratory activity analyses on biopsies at 3 region of interest (ROI)~* Pathological analyses of the biopsies at 3 ROI"