Mitigating the Health Effects of Desert Dust Storms Using Exposure-Reduction Approaches

"Intervention 1 (I1) aims to reduce exposure to outdoor particles and it will be applied on days with DDS during the follow-up period. This intervention will consist of two recommendations:~1. Reduce time spent outdoors and~2. Reduce physical activity"

"Intervention 2 (I2) aims to reduce both:~i) exposure to outdoor particles and it will be applied on days with DDS during the follow-up period. This intervention will consist of two recommendations:~1. Reduce time spent outdoors and~2. Reduce physical activity~ ii) indoor particle levels on a continuous daily basis throughout the follow-up DDS period. This intervention will consist of two recommendations for participants' schools and houses:~3. Reduce particle infiltration into residences by keeping windows and doors closed as much as possible and~4. Reduce indoor particle levels by using air cleaners."

"Intervention 1 (I1) aims to reduce exposure to outdoor particles and it will be applied on days with DDS during the follow-up period. This intervention will consist of two recommendations:~1. Reduce time spent outdoors and~2. Reduce physical activity"

"Intervention 2 (I2) aims to reduce both:~i) exposure to outdoor particles and it will be applied on days with DDS during the follow-up period. This intervention will consist of two recommendations:~1. Reduce time spent outdoors and~2. Reduce physical activity~ ii) indoor particle levels on a continuous daily basis throughout the follow-up DDS period. This intervention will consist of two recommendations for participants' houses:~3. Reduce particle infiltration into residences by keeping windows and doors closed as much as possible and~4. Reduce indoor particle levels by using air cleaners."