Intermittent Hypoxia and Caffeine in Infants Born Preterm

Infants will be started on oral caffeine base at 5 mg/kg/day. At 36 weeks + 0 days PMA drug dose will be increased to 5 mg/kg BID (total daily dose 10 mg/kg). Dose will be weight-adjusted weekly until NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) discharge. After discharge, all new doses will be calculated from the last weight recorded prior to discharge. The research pharmacy will prepare a bulk oral solution with active drug (caffeine base). While in the hospital, a daily 24-hour supply will be prepared and dispensed. For home administration of study drug, the research pharmacy at each clinical site will prepare and dispense a sufficient quantity of caffeine base solution for outpatient treatment up to 42 weeks + 6 days.

SyrSpend SF Unflavored will be used as the placebo for the control group infants. The volume of the placebo will match the volume of the study drug.