Pain and Anxiety During Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

"The patients in this group were given stress ball into both their palms 5 minutes before ESWL. Participants were instructed to squeeze the balls twice after counting up to ten and repeat it until the end of the procedure. This ball was medium hard and has been made of high quality silicon."

The patients in this group were also listened to the music chosen by them with a headset from 5 min before until the end of lithotripsy. Types of music played for the patients were Turkish folk music, Turkish art music, Turkish arabesque music, Turkish pop music, foreign pop music, rock music, and classical music.