Multifactorial Intervention on Frailty in Vulnerable Older Adults

"There are six components of intervention in this study.~* For all participants:~ 1. Group exercise~ 2. Nutritional supplement(commercial liquid formula will be provided every day).~* For selected participants:~ 1. Wellness visit in primary care setting, polypharmacy and multi-morbidity every month.~ 2. At risk of depression(the people identified as high risk of depression would meet psychiatrist every month).~ 3. Domestic safety(If there are possible hazards in participants' home, social worker provide amendments for getting rid of it)."

"Experienced nurses will visit all participants every month during 6 months of study period, and will conduct an interview and comprehensive geriatric assessments to collect information regarding physical, nutritional, mental, mood condition and health related quality of life.~According to ASPRA cohort schedule, all participants will be assessed by the composite measurement method composed of K-FRAIL frailty scare, Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form(MNA-S), the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination(K-MMSE), Center for Epidemiological Studies depression(CES-D), EQ-5D 3 level version from EuroQol Research Foundation(EQ-5D 3 level), Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB), and the Cardiovascular Health Study(CHS)."