Predictors of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression (OIRD)

The opioid used for this study is Remifentanil and is commonly used in the operating room. Remifentanil will be given under normoxic (breathing room air \[21% Oxygen\]) and hyperoxic (breathing 50% oxygen) conditions to determine if the measurement of the specific respiratory parameters will predict the OIRD response.

Remifentanil will be administered under normal oxygen (normoxia) and increased oxygen (hyperemic) conditions.

Carbon dioxide is used as part of the hypercapnia ventilatory response measurement (HCVR)