The Evaluation of a Standard Treatment Regimen of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs for Patients With MDR-TB

Drug: Locally-used WHO-approved MDR-TB regimen

Moxifloxacin is an 8-methoxy quinolone, and an anti-bacterial fluoroquinolone

Clofazimine, is an antileprosy and anti-bacterial agent. Its chemical name is 3-(p-chloroanilino)-10-(p-chlorophenyl)-2, 10-dihydro-2-isopropyliminophenazine.

Ethambutol is a bacteriostatic that acts against virtually all strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis and is also active against other mycobacteria such as M. Kansasii.

Pyrazinamide is bactericidal against intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a prodrug that is converted into its active form, pyrazinoic acid, by a mycobacterial enzyme, pyrazinamidase, as well as through hepatic metabolism.

Isoniazid is a bactericidal in vitro and in vivo against actively dividing tubercle bacilli. Its primary action is to inhibit the synthesis of long-chain mycolic acids, which are unique constituents of mycobacterial cell wall.

Prothionamide has a bacteriostatic action.

Kanamycin is a bactericidal antibiotic from the group of aminoglycosides.

Levofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent of the fluoroquinolone class that acts on the DNA-DNA-gyrase complex and topoisomerase IV. It is the S (-) enantiomer of the racemic active substance ofloxacin.

Bedaquiline is a novel diarylquinoline antibiotic with bactericidal activity