The Effects of Connective Tissue Manipulation and Abdominal Massage in Patients With Chronic Constipation

lifestyle advices such as increasing fluid and fibre intake, improving physical activity level, and taking the ideal posture for defecation (squatting position) with a two-pages document.

CTM wil be applied five days per week, a total of 20 sessions for 4 weeks. Each session lasted around 15-20 minutes. While patients are in a sitting position, starting from the lumbosacral region, lower thoracic, scapular, inter-scapular and cervical regions will be included in the treatment, respectively.

Abdominal massage will be applied five days a week for four weeks. Each session will last around 15-20 minutes.