Lidocaine Spray on an Endoscope to Improve Tolerance to Endoscopy

Consecutively, all the participants were assigned to case group with additional 2 puffs of the 10% lidocaine spray on the tip of endoscope, same medication which was used for prior pharyngeal anesthesia, or to control group with conventional pharyngeal anesthesia without further treatment. Then we compared the primary outcome measures, such as, frequency of belching and retching of two groups.