Laser Acupuncture and Pain Management in Preterm Infants Undergoing Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation

"Infants will be divided in 2 groups:~* Placebo group: Placebo (fake laser stimulation) plus opioid treatment before ETS~* Experimental group: Laser stimulation plus opioid treatment before ETS. Low level laser acupuncture, 670 nm, 10Hz, 0,3 J per acupoint, 6 points per neonate (Zu san li, He Gu, Nei Guan) marquage CE, premio 30 laser duo de Sedatelec. Overall 3 minutes of treatment.~This sequence will be repeated 4 times during the study (1 hour before surgery and every 12 hours after surgery)"

newborns have the same preparation procedure as the intervention to put them under the same conditions group. The laser pen is turned off, off-voltage