A Randomized Controlled Trial of Open Surgical vs. Minimally-invasive Voluntary Adult Male Circumcision

"According to WHO (2011), the Gomco clamp has …an impeccable safety record. In the USA, where it is estimated that well over 1 million neonates are circumcised each year, the Gomco clamp has become the leading instrument used to perform non-ritual male circumcision. Tissue adhesive is widely used in multiple areas of medicine; specifically, multiple observational studies and RCTs have shown cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives to be superior to suture closure in VMMC."

The World Health Organization, in its Manual for Male Circumcision under Local Anaesthesia, describes three open surgical techniques (forceps assisted, dorsal slit and sleeve technique), all three of which involve (a) exposure of subcutaneous tissues and (b) suturing for hemostasis and for skin closure.