Preoperative Ephedrine Attenuates the Hemodynamic Responses of Propofol During Valve Surgery: A Dose Dependent Study

Subjects were allocated randomly to five groups by drawing sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelopes containing a computer-generated randomization code. The subjects received intravenous injection of 0.1 mL/kg of a study solution containing either saline 0.9% solution \[group 1 (n=30)\], ephedrine 0.7 mg/mL \[group 2 (n=30)\], ephedrine 1 mg/mL \[group 3 (n=30)\] or ephedrine 1.5 mg/mL \[group 4 (n=30)\]or phenylephrine 15 mcg/mL \[group 5 (n=30)\]. All study solutions were injected over 1 min at 1 min before induction of anesthesia. The placebo and the ephedrine solutions were prepared in identical syringes labeled 'study drug' by the local pharmacy department before induction of anesthesia.

Subjects were allocated randomly to five groups by drawing sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelopes containing a computer-generated randomization code. The subjects received intravenous injection of 0.1 mL/kg of a study solution containing either saline 0.9% solution \[group 1 (n=30)\], ephedrine 0.7 mg/mL \[group 2 (n=30)\], ephedrine 1 mg/mL \[group 3 (n=30)\] or ephedrine 1.5 mg/mL \[group 4 (n=30)\]or phenylephrine 15 mcg/mL \[group 5 (n=30)\]. All study solutions were injected over 1 min at 1 min before induction of anesthesia. The placebo and the ephedrine solutions were prepared in identical syringes labeled 'study drug' by the local pharmacy department before induction of anesthesia.

Subjects were allocated randomly to five groups by drawing sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelopes containing a computer-generated randomization code. The subjects received intravenous injection of 0.1 mL/kg of a study solution containing 15 mcg/ml of phenylephrine \[group 5 (n=30)\] All study solutions were injected over 1 min at 1 min before induction of anesthesia. The placebo, the ephedrine, and the phenylephrine solutions were prepared in identical syringes labeled 'study drug' by the local pharmacy department before induction of anesthesia.